Modeling the Near‐Surface Diurnal Cycle of Sea Surface Temperature in the Mediterranean Sea
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The diurnal cycle of sea surface temperature (SST) is an important component of the ocean‐atmosphere system and is necessary for accurately computing air‐sea heat fluxes. Ocean temperatures in the near‐surface are highly sensitive to atmospheric conditions and can vary significantly depending on time of day. Ocean general circulation models are unable to fully capture the near‐surface diurnal SST variability, because they do not possess the necessary vertical structure and resolution. Furthermore, SST observations come from a number of sources that represent the temperature at various near‐surface depths. This presents difficulties when assimilating SST observations as well as constructing robust climate records of SST. In this study we model the fine‐scale near‐surface structure allowing SST comparisons between foundation SST, SST at depth, subskin SST, and skin SST. Hourly model results, forced and initialized using readily available reanalysis data, are from a 2‐year period, 2013–2014, over the Mediterranean Sea. Various solar absorption parameterizations are examined, and the resulting SSTs are compared to Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager‐derived observations of the skin temperature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".