Short- and long-term cold storage of jack pine bolts is associated with higher concentrations of monoterpenes and nutrients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Studies with conifer-infesting bark beetles commonly use bolts cut from trees to evaluate the effects of host tree quality on various aspects of insect biology. Yet, whether host quality changes between live trees and bolts cut from these trees has not been assessed. Particularly, changes in concentrations of defense chemicals (such as monoterpenes) and nutrients (such as nitrogen and carbon) have not been compared between live trees and their cut bolts. To determine whether monoterpene and nutrient concentrations differ after cutting, jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) trees in Lac La Biche (Alberta) were selected and sampled for phloem tissue. Then, these trees were harvested into two bolts per tree and stored at 4 °C for 3 and 6 months. Phloem was sampled from both live trees and bolts 3 and 6 months after storage. We found that major monoterpenes of jack pine were higher in phloem from bolts than from live trees. Storage time did not affect the results. Furthermore, some nutrients including nitrogen were also higher in bolts and varied between storage times. We conclude that researchers should be aware of the observed changes in the host quality that may have positive or negative effects on the development and behavior of bark beetles under observation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".