PSXI-16 A multiple flux chamber system to evaluate nutritional strategies for beef cattle to mitigate ammonia emission potential of manure.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A laboratory scale flow-through steady-state multiple chamber system was designed and evaluated to estimate the NH3 emission potential of beef cattle manure. Four chambers constructed of two commercially available plastic containers (76 L) were interfaced with a multiplexer and FTIR gas analyzer. The chamber system was operated in a controlled environment room at 20°C with a fresh air exchange rate designed to prevent build-up of excessive gases. Fans on the inflow and exhaust ports of the chambers were matched to minimize pressure differences and resulted in an air flow velocity of 82 L/min. The air sample from each chamber was drawn through a 1-L volume filter (~30°C) and interconnecting tubing lined with heating wire to prevent condensation of gases. Emissions were measured sequentially at 5 min intervals (2 min flush, average of 3 readings at 1 min apart) from the four chambers, the background air within the room, and an N2 reference gas (zero calibration). Recovery was determined following the release of increasing concentrations of NH3 into each chamber on 3 different dates. Regression of measured vs. known NH3concentration was Y = 1.1075 (± 0.0121)X - 0.0758 (± 0.0304), r2 = 0.994. Feces and urine were combined in equal amounts to form manure (2 kg wet weight), placed in small trays within the chambers and incubated for 96 and 240 h. The NH3-N emissions averaged 35.9 ± 1.20% of manure N and 54.5 ± 2.05% of urea-N at 96 h and increased to 63.5 ± 2.62% of manure N and 92.2 ± 3.78% of urea-N at 240 h. Measurement of emissions using the multiple flux chamber system were quantitative and reproducible indicating that the method is suitable for assessing the relative effectiveness of dietary strategies for beef cattle on the NH3 emission potential of manure.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".