Linearization of Active Downconversion Mixers at the IF Using Feedforward Cancellation
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A feedforward linearization technique for third-order intermodulation (IM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) distortion cancellation in active downconversion mixers is proposed in this paper. Low-frequency second-order intermodulation (IM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) tones are created and multiplied with the mixer's output to generate low-frequency IM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> replicas for cancellation. Implemented mostly at the IF band, this technique brings a third-order input intercept point (IIP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) improvement independently of the mixer topology and is robust against parasitic parameters. A 2-GHz current commutating mixer linearized by the proposed technique is designed and fabricated using a 130-nm CMOS process to verify the concept. Experimental results show that the mixer with a unit-gain amplifier delivers 8.5 dB of conversion gain and has an IIP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> of 2.5 dBm before linearization. The linearization technique improves the mixer's IIP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> by 12 dB for input signals as large as -15 dBm. The technique has a negligible impact on the mixer's gain and incurs a noise figure penalty of less than 0.2 dB. The mixer with the unit-gain amplifier consumes a current of 8.4 mA, while the proposed technique circuitry consumes an extra current of 4.2 mA, both using a 1.2-V voltage supply.
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Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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