Hydrogen-bonded LC nanocomposites: characterisation of nanoparticle-LC interactions by solid-state NMR and FTIR spectroscopies
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although the molecular-level nanoparticle-liquid crystal (NP-LC) interactions are key for forming stable NP dispersions in LC, characterisation of these interactions is scarce in the literature. Recently, we have developed hydrogen-bonded LC nanocomposites based on mesogenic carboxylic acids and NPs functionalised with hydrogen-bond acceptor/donor groups. Here, we apply solid-state <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies to model systems consisting of mixtures of trans-4-<i>n</i>-butylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid (4-BCHA), 4-hexylbenzoic acid (6BA) and 4,4ʹ-bipyridine. The binary mixture, 4-BCHA:6BA, was also studied. The results were compared to monolayer quantities of 6BA and 4-BCHA adsorbed on pyridine functionalised zirconia NPs (ZrO<sub>2</sub>-n<sub>3</sub>-pyridine) to understand the different effects of the functionalised NPs on the LC properties.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it