Hydrogen bonding promoted simple and clean photo-induced reduction of C–X bond with isopropanol
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We herein report a simple and clean photo-induced metal-free reduction of C-X bond under an atmosphere of air at room temperature. Isopropanol is used as both the reducing reagent and solvent. Various functional groups (acids, esters, alcohols, anilines, phenols, indoles, pyridines, cyano and trifluoromethyl groups) and other heterocyclic compounds are tolerated. Different organic halides (including C-I, C-Br and C-Cl bonds) can be dehalogenated with moderate to excellent yields. Polyhalides are also reduced chemoselectively and efficiently. DFT calculation suggests a six-membered ring transition state via C-XH-O hydrogen bonding to decrease the activation energy.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it