Serum immunoglobulin A levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Intestinal immunity, and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in particular, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study was to document the prevalence of elevated serum IgA levels in NAFLD patients and determine whether the severity and course of NAFLD differs in those with elevated (E-IgA) versus normal (N-IgA) levels. Methods: A retrospective review of a clinical database containing demographic, laboratory, and histologic findings of adult NAFLD patients was undertaken. Liver biochemistry, model for end stage-liver disease (MELD) and Fib-4 scores served to document disease severity and progression. Results: Of 941 NAFLD study subjects, 254 (27%) had E-IgA at presentation. E-IgA patients were older, and had lower serum albumin levels and higher MELD scores than N-IgA patients. The percent of E-IgA patients with Fib-4 scores >3.25 (suggestive of cirrhosis) was also higher (25% vs. 5.5%, p<0.001). E-IgA patients had higher METIVIR fibrosis scores (2.2 ± 1.4 vs. 1.0 ± 1.2, p<0.0001) than N-IgA patients. After mean follow-ups of 47 (E-IgA) and 41 (N-IgA) months, serum albumin levels remained lower, INR values were now more prolonged and MELD scores higher in E-IgA patients. Of the non-cirrhotic patients at baseline, a larger percent of E-IgA patients developed cirrhosis by Fib-4 testing at last visit (11% vs. 2.9%, p<0.001). Conclusions: Elevated serum IgA levels are common in NAFLD patients and when present, are associated with more advanced disease. Patients with elevated serum IgA levels are also more likely to progress to cirrhosis than those with normal levels.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it