65 Effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on untreated or ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) - treated wheat straw on in vitro semi-continuous culture fermentation using the rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC).
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of AFEX treated wheat straw and exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (Viscozyme®) on feed digestibility, rumen fermentation, and microbial protein synthesis using the rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC). The experiment was a completely randomized block design with four treatments assigned to sixteen vessels (4/treatment) in two RUSITEC apparatus in a 2 × 2 factorial. Treatments were: 30% concentrate + 70% wheat straw; and 30% concentrate + 70% AFEX treated wheat straw with or without enzyme. The study consisted of 8-d adaptation and 7-d for sample collection. Data were analyzed by the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS with fixed effects of AFEX, enzyme and their interaction. No interaction between AFEX-sraw and enzyme occurred. AFEX-straw versus untreated straw had greater (P < 0.01) digestibility of DM (69.6 vs. 38.3%) NDF (61.6 vs. 36.8%), ADF (61.4 vs. 36.0%) and CP (68.3 vs. 24.0%). Dry matter, OM and NDF digestibility of AFEX-straw was greater (P < 0.05) with enzyme addition, with no effect of enzyme on untreated straw. Total microbial N production was greater (P < 0.01) for AFEX-straw (72.9 mg/day) than for untreated straw (63.1 mg/day). Production of total gas and CH4 was greater (P < 0.01) with AFEX-straw than untreated straw. AFEX-straw increased (P < 0.01) NH3-N and total VFA production and proportion of propionate but decreased (P < 0.01) that of acetate. As a result, the ratio of acetate to propionate was reduced (P < 0.01) with AFEX versus untreated straw. Enzyme addition did not affect VFA production or VFA profiles. The number of protozoa was lower (P < 0.01) with AFEX straw than untreated straw. The results indicate that AFEX increased ruminal digestibility of wheat straw and microbial protein synthesis and improved rumen fermentation, with more propionate production a response that was heightened by enzymes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".