Comparison of multiple methods for induction of necrotic enteritis in broilers. I
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A variety of necrotic enteritis (NE) research methodologies exist in the literature, many with components that do not represent standard industry practices. The models tested here aimed to investigate multiple NE methods that represent common broiler production systems. Two preliminary experiments compared Eimeria maxima (EM) plus NetB-negative Clostridium perfringens (CP) and NetB-positive CP (CPB), and showed decreased BW gain (BWG) relative to non-challenge negative control (NC; P ≤ 0.05) across NE models, but no difference in NE lesion scores. Experiments 3 and 4 tested 2 EM strains (EMG or EMM6), CP, 3 CPB strains, washed CPB, or supernatant from washed CPB to determine the impact of NetB toxin when birds consumed a standard corn-soy diet. Groups with predisposing EM had the largest decrease in BWG (−19.50 to −28.35%) compared to the NC in experiment 3. Experiment 4 showed similar trends in EM groups with −20.88 to −22.09% change in BWG (P ≤ 0.05). Minimal % change in BWG occurred in all CPB groups, with less than 10% decrease. Increasing the amount of CP in feed to 2 L/d for 4 consecutive days resulted up to 17% decrease in BWG (P ≤ 0.05), but lesion scores were not significantly different than NC. When administered in the absence of EM, CP, regardless of the presence of NetB gene and inoculum, did not cause clinical NE in these experiments. A predisposing factor, such as EM, was required for development of clinical signs, gross macroscopic lesions, and decreased BWG when broilers were fed a standard diet.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".