Relationship between Sarcopenia and mTOR Pathway in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: Preliminary Report
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by loss of muscle mass and strength that impacts clinical outcomes and mortality in cancer patients. Although the molecular pathways involved in sarcopenia are not fully elucidated, the decrease in protein synthesis rate appears to be one of the most important events. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and mTOR signaling pathway in patients undergoing colorectal resection surgery. Three groups of patients were assessed: 1) the control group (no cancer, no sarcopenia), 2) the cancer non-sarcopenic group and 3) the cancer sarcopenic group. All individuals were evaluated in relation to presence of sarcopenia and mTOR signaling pathway. Sarcopenia was evaluated by the combination of low muscle mass and low muscle strength, measured using computerized tomography images, and hand grip strength, respectively. Rectus abdominis muscle biopsy was performed at the time of surgery. mTOR pathway was analyzed by MILLIPLEX Map Kit Phospho/total mTOR 2-Plex Magnetic Bead Panel. Results were presented by phosphor/total mTOR ratio. Independent T test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Dunn-Bonferroni post hoc were performed for statistical analysis and P < 0.05 was considered. Thirty-six patients and five controls were evaluated. A total of 13 cancer patients (36.1%) had sarcopenia. The phospho/total mTOR ratio was different between the control group (0.167 MFI) and the cancer non-sarcopenic group (0.055 MFI) (P = 0.026) as well as between the control group (0.167 MFI) and the cancer sarcopenic group (0.0049 MFI) (P = 0.041). No difference was observed on the median phospho/total mTOR ratio between the cancer groups (P > 0.05). More research is needed to extrapolate these results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".