Dysencephalia Splanchnocystica, AKA Meckel–Gruber syndrome: A Systematic Review and the First Case Report from Iraq
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Meckel-Gruber syndrome is categorised under the broad “umbrella” of syndromic ciliopathies. There is a shortage of epidemiological studies surveying the region of the Middle East and Arabic countries. Materials and methods: The review of the literature was conducted systematically, from the 1st to the 9th of June 2018, across medical and paramedical electronic databases including PubMed-NCBI, the Cochrane Library, and Elsevier database via predefined Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms. The words used included all possible combinations of synonyms for Meckel syndrome, Meckel-Gruber syndrome, Gruber syndrome, Dysencephalia Splanchnocystica, ciliopathies, and syndromic ciliopathies. Results: The total number of hits for all databases was 2089963 distributed as 2085668 (NCBI-PubMed), 1052 (The Cochrane Library), and 3243 (Elsevier). The most informative combination of keywords was [(Ciliopathies AND “Meckel syndrome type-1”]. The total number of reference material was restricted to twenty-six. The level-of-evidence of our study is level-2b, by the categorisation scheme adopted by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine. Our case report represents the first documented case in literature from Iraq. The diagnosis was based on the history of consanguinity of the parents, prior history of induced abortion of a malformed male fetus, and the diagnostic clinical triad postnatally of occipital encephalocele, post-axial polydactyly, and polycystic kidneys manifested as bilateral abdominal distension primarily affecting the loin. Conclusion: Future cases from Iraq should be investigated, via ecological and aggregate analytics, in correlation with chemical and radiological exposure following the American invasion of Iraq.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".