Theoretical investigation of high-efficiency GaN–Si heterojunction betavoltaic battery
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The wide-bandgap semiconductors, which have the advantages of radiation resistance and high carrier mobility, have gained increased research attention in recent years for the conversion nuclear battery. Nevertheless, when a wide-bandgap semiconductor is used, the collection efficiency and current are reduced, even though the open circuit voltage is increased. In this research, a heterojunction photovoltaic cell is used to increase collection efficiency and power in the betavoltaic battery. A theoretical investigation of the electrical performance has been carried out on Ni63/GaN and Ni63/GaN–Si betavoltaic cells. The effects of doping concentration and junction depth on the maximum power are examined. By optimizing the doping concentration and junction depth, a high-efficiency heterojunction betavoltaic microbattery can be achieved. The maximum power is calculated as 22.90 nW/cm2 using 1 mCi Ni63 beta source and GaN–Si heterojunction with junction depth of 0.1 μm and doping concentrations of Na = 4 × 1017 cm−3 and Nd = 4 × 1016 cm−3 in the emitter and the base region, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".