Transition planning for students with disabilities: Perspectives of Canadian and American school psychologists
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Postsecondary transition plans and services include domains such as independent living, postsecondary employment, and postsecondary education and have positive lifelong benefits for students with intellectual disabilities (ID). School psychologists have much to contribute to the transition process, but previous studies have indicated they often have limited involvement in this domain. A survey was conducted to assess school psychologists’ current knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding transition services for students with ID. Respondents included 282 practicing school psychologists from the United States and Canada. Regression results indicated that attitude, knowledge, and previous experience with the ID population were significant predictors of performance of transition-related professional behavior. Responses to open-ended questions supported the quantitative survey results and highlighted the importance of instruction (direct, informal, and experiential) in school psychologist delivery of transition services. Given this, recommendations to increase school psychologist knowledge of and positive attitudes toward transition planning and students with intellectual disabilities and their families are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".