Mutational analysis of gyrB at amino acids: G481A & D505A in multidrug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The MDR (multidrug resistance) tuberculosis is a serious public health concern. Fluoroquinolones are in use to treat tuberculosis, but M. tuberculosis strains have now become resistant due to several mutations in different genes. We evaluated mutations in gyrB gene at amino acid positions G481A and D505A of M. tuberculosis by semi-multiplex allele specific (MAS) PCR. METHODS: The information on gender, age, type of tuberculosis (TB), positive/negative for MDR-TB and HIV infection was gathered. The genomic DNA isolation from sputum culture samples (n=53) was carried out by non-column based method. The gyrB mutations were investigated by using self-designed primers in semi MAS-PCR, at mentioned amino acid positions. RESULTS: There were 38% male patients and 62% were female patients. Most of MDR-TB patients (58.5%) were in the age between 16-30years. There were 90.5% cases of pulmonary TB and 9.4% cases of extra pulmonary TB. Only 1.8% patients were co-infected with HIV. The 24 samples had mutation in gyrB gene out of 53 (45.28%), on both of positions of amino acids Gly481Ala and Asp505Ala. All samples had mutations at Gly481Ala, whereas, 24 samples (45.28%) had mutations at Asp505Ala. CONCLUSION: Mutations at amino acids positions 481 and 505 were involved in MDR-TB, which could further develop into an extensively-drug resistance (XDR) TB. Therefore, there is a need to explore all mutations in gyrB gene in MDR-TB, because it can result in a Fluoroquinolones resistance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".