Quantum Bits with Macroscopic Topologically Protected States in Semiconductor Devices
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Current computers are made of semiconductors. Semiconductor technology enables realization of microscopic quantum bits based on electron spins of individual electrons localized by gates in field effect transistors. This results in very fragile quantum processors prone to decoherence. Here, we discuss an alternative approach to constructing qubits using macroscopic and topologically protected states realized in semiconductor devices. First, we discuss a synthetic spin-1 chain realized in an array of quantum dots in a semiconductor nanowire or in a field effect transitor. A synthetic spin-1 chain is characterized by two effective edge quasiparticles with spin 1 / 2 protected from decoherence by topology and Haldane gap. The spin-1 / 2 quasiparticles of Haldane phase form the basis of a macroscopic singlet-triplet qubit. We compare the spin one chain with a Kitaev chain. Its edge states are Majorana zero modes, possessing non-Abelian fractional statistics. They can be used to encode the quantum information using the braiding processes, i.e., encircling one particle by another, which do not depend on the details of the particle trajectory and thus are protected from decoherence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".