Bibliographic record
Abstract
Complete ureteral duplication anomalies can present with obstruction of, mostly, the upper pole moiety. Although multiple surgical approaches are available, ipsilateral ureteroureterostomy (U-U) can be performed with minimal morbidity and excellent outcomes. In addition, transureteroureterostomy (TUU) has been successfully used for salvage cases after failed ureteral reimplantation, or for diversion/undiversion procedures. For ipsilateral U-U, a small lower abdominal incision is used to access the retroperitoneum, and the end of the donor ureter is anastomosed to the side of the normal ureter. A stent and drain should be placed, and ipsilateral ureterocele excision or recipient ureteral reimplantation can be performed concomitantly if necessary. TUU is a more extensive operation, where the donor ureter is brought across the midline after bowel mobilization and opening of the posterior peritoneum, and the anastomosis is performed in a similar fashion. Complications reported include: de novo vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR), prolonged drain output, VUR into the distal stump, urinoma, febrile illnesses and the need for anastomotic revision. Despite these, the overall outcomes are quite good and success rates are high. Preoperative knowledge of the relevant anatomy, following basic surgical tissue handling and tension-free anastomosis principles, and placement of a ureteral stent and/or externalized drain can all potentially mitigate complications. Although traditionally performed with an open surgical technique, laparoscopic and robotic approaches have been reported, and are becoming more popular, with long-term data still lacking.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.047 | 0.017 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".