The contribution of airway structure to early childhood asthma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
What we know: Airway inflammation and remodelling of the airway wall play an important role in the pathophysiology of asthma in adults. There is a paucity of information regarding the pathology of asthma in early childhood. Postmortem and biopsy studies of children with asthma have consistently shown an increase in the size of mucous glands, but an increase in smooth muscle is seen only in some cases. Biopsy studies indicate that the airways of children with asthma are inflamed, although the infiltrate may be more lymphocytic than eosinophilic in nature. As children's lungs grow rapidly in the first few years, the impact of structural changes in the airways may have a more profound physiological impact at this time than later in life. What we need to know: Is the pathology of asthma the same in children and adults? Is it the same in mild, moderate and severe asthma? Can bronchoscopy and airway biopsy provide us with information about the pathology of early childhood asthma? Can the more advanced imaging techniques available today, such as spiral computed tomography and the use of inhaled gases of various densities, assist in elucidating the pathology of early childhood asthma? Can non-invasive techniques, such as measurement of exhaled gases, provide us with accurate information about inflammation and the pathology of early childhood asthma? What are the real ethical and practical limitations to studying the pathology of early childhood asthma?
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".