The Phylogenetic Relationships of Cretaceous Biting Midges, with a Key to All Known Genera (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The phylogenetic positions of Cretaceous species of Ceratopogonidae previously placed in the genera Archiculicoides Szadziewski, Protoculicoides Boesel, and Atriculicoides Remm are reappraised in light of synapomorphies. Character states are discussed in detail, supported by new photographs of Protoculicoides depressus Boesel, the description of Protoculicoides revelatus, n. sp., from Burmese amber, and a compilation of previously published illustrations. The recent article by Szadziewski et al. (2016) proposing that Protoculicoides and Atriculicoides are congeneric is shown to be inaccurate. At least three separate lineages are represented by species in these two genera, requiring a new genus, Gerontodacus (type species, G. succineus (Szadziewski)), to include some of them. Archiculicoides, Protoculicoides, Gerontodacus, Adelohelea Borkent and Alautunmyia Borkent remain undetermined to subfamily. As a result of phylogenetic and other taxonomic considerations, the following are new combinations: Gerontodacus krzeminskii (Choufani, Azar, and Nel), Gerontodacus punctus (Borkent), Gerontodacus skalskii (Szadziewski and Arillo), Archiaustroconops andersoni (Szadziewski, Ross, and Giłka), Atriculicoides ciliatus (Borkent), Atriculicoides hispanicus (Szadziewski and Arillo), Atriculicoides sanjusti (Szadziewski and Arillo) and Adelohelea burmitica (Szadziewski and Poinar). The following species are returned to the genera they were assigned to before Szadziewski et al. (2016): Atriculicoides cenomanensis Szadziewski and Schlüter, Atriculicoides dasyheleis Szadziewski, Atriculicoides globosus (Boesel), Atriculicoides incompletus Szadziewski and Schlüter, Atriculicoides macrophthalmus Remm, Atriculicoides sibiricus Szadziewski, Atriculicoides swinhoei (Cockerell), Atriculicoides szadziewskii Pérez-de la Fuente, Delclòs, Peñalver, and Arillo and Atriculicoides taimyricus Szadziewski. A key is provided to all Cretaceous Ceratopogonidae genera.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it