Associations between sexual satisfaction and function and the severity of lower urinary tract symptoms among men in a rural sub-Saharan African community
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The recognized association between erectile dysfunction (ED) with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) from high-income countries is unreported from Africa. Authentic figures on prevalence of ED and LUTS from Africa are scarce in the literature. This study was conducted to quantify sexual function and satisfaction among Ugandan men in relation to LUTS severity. METHODS: A convenience sample of men participating in a parallel, cross-sectional survey was used. The population, men >55 years living in Sheema district, Uganda, were recruited into two cohorts: those living in the community and those seeking clinic care due to bother from LUTS. This was to ensure inclusion of a full spectrum of LUTS. The instruments were the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) to quantify LUTS and the Epstein Inventory (EI) to assess four measures of sexual functioning. Bivariate analysis compared community and clinic cohort participants, LUTS severity, and each sexual functioning item with two-sample t-tests for means and Chi-square tests of independence for categorical versions. RESULTS: Participants included 415 men (238 community and 177 clinic) at mean age of 67.5 years vs. 62.9 (p=<0.001) with mean IPSS of 9.32 vs. 17.07 (p≤0.001). Lower mean satisfaction with sexual activity and frequency of erections occurred in the clinic cohort (p≤0.001). Overall, all four questions assessing dissatisfaction with sexual function were significantly correlated with worsening LUTS; sexual satisfaction and frequency of sexual drive were also influenced by age and low levels of education. CONCLUSIONS: These are the first data describing the severity relationship between LUTS and ED in African men. Respondents reported dissatisfaction in the past year with the level of their sexual activity, frequency of sexual drive, ability to have erections, and sexual performance that related statistically to the severity of their LUTS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".