Self-Assembly Route to TiO<sub>2</sub> and TiC with a Liquid Crystalline Order
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report the liquid crystalline self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with peroxotitanate to replicate large freestanding mesoporous films of TiO 2 and chiral nematic TiC structures. The compatibility of cellulose liquid crystals with water-soluble peroxotitanate enabled them to self-assemble into flexible chiral nematic TiO 2 /cellulose composite films. The highly compatible peroxotitanate/CNC mixture is a new liquid crystalline system to investigate the development of photonic films with tunable optical properties and structural replication by varying the ratio of constituents. Iridescent peroxotitanate/CNC composites were heated under hydrothermal conditions and calcined to generate layered mesoporous anatase TiO 2 replicas that are robust, semitransparent films. Through magnesiothermic reduction, we transformed carbonized peroxotitanate/CNC assemblies to mesoporous TiC with a chiral nematic order. Our work shows the potential of the mesoporous TiC to function as a long-life cycle rechargeable lithium-ion battery anode material and may extend this route to other peroxometallate compounds.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".