Self-Assembly Route to TiO<sub>2</sub> and TiC with a Liquid Crystalline Order
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report the liquid crystalline self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with peroxotitanate to replicate large freestanding mesoporous films of TiO2 and chiral nematic TiC structures. The compatibility of cellulose liquid crystals with water-soluble peroxotitanate enabled them to self-assemble into flexible chiral nematic TiO2/cellulose composite films. The highly compatible peroxotitanate/CNC mixture is a new liquid crystalline system to investigate the development of photonic films with tunable optical properties and structural replication by varying the ratio of constituents. Iridescent peroxotitanate/CNC composites were heated under hydrothermal conditions and calcined to generate layered mesoporous anatase TiO2 replicas that are robust, semitransparent films. Through magnesiothermic reduction, we transformed carbonized peroxotitanate/CNC assemblies to mesoporous TiC with a chiral nematic order. Our work shows the potential of the mesoporous TiC to function as a long-life cycle rechargeable lithium-ion battery anode material and may extend this route to other peroxometallate compounds.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".