Evolution characteristics of spontaneous combustion in three zones of the goaf when using the cutting roof and release pressure technique
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The changes associated with the cutting roof and release pressure mining method in the three zones that are susceptible to spontaneous combustion in the goaf with “Y” type ventilation system were studied. For the investigated underground coal mine working face, its three zones of spontaneous combustion have a “U” type ventilation system for the traditional mining method and a “Y” type ventilation system for the cutting roof and release pressure mining method. These systems were monitored using a beam tube method, and the evolution characteristics of spontaneous combustion of the three zones was analysed. The monitoring data showed that when using a traditional mining method with a “U” type ventilation system, the scattered tropical zone converts into the oxidation heating zone after 68.5 m in the goaf, and the suffocative zone presents after 85.5 m. For the cutting roof and release pressure mining method together with a “Y” type ventilation system, the scattered tropical zone converts into the oxidation heating zone after 84 m in the goaf, and the suffocative zone appears after 198.8 m. Compared to traditional mining, the width of the oxidation heating zone increases when using the cutting roof and release pressure method. To prevent spontaneous combustion of the goaf, the comprehensive techniques of the pressure balance for fire control, ground fissure sealing, working face sealing, retained roadways guniting and inert gas fire extinguishing have been used in the studied coal mine. The CO concentration of the goaf is less than 300 ppm during the mining process. Safe mining of the tested working face shows that the cutting roof and release pressure technique can be applied to control the coal seam spontaneous combustion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".