Abstract MP63: How Much Does Exclusive Breastfeeding to the Recommended Six Months Increase Maternal Postpartum Weight Loss in Healthy Women?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: Postpartum weight retention increases the risk of future obesity and cardiovascular disease. Although exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) has been promoted as an effective means to lose gestational weight gain, previous studies report mixed findings for the relationship between duration of EBF and maternal postpartum weight loss (PPWL). This study evaluates whether meeting the recommended 6-months of EBF is associated with greater PPWL by 6-months than a shorter duration of EBF. Methods: The Mothers and Infants LinKed for Health (MILK) study is an ongoing prospective cohort of non-diabetic, non-smoking mother-infant dyads, all of whom were exclusively breastfeeding at 1-month postpartum. Breastfeeding exclusivity was subsequently self-reported by mothers at 3 and 6-months postpartum. Maternal pre-pregnancy weight and weight at delivery were abstracted from medical records. PPWL was calculated as maternal weight measured at 1, 3 and 6-months minus maternal weight at delivery. Mixed effects linear regression models were used to test the association of duration of EBF with repeated measures of PPWL after adjustment for covariates including maternal pre-pregnancy weight, gestational weight gain, parity, physical activity and infant sex. Results: Among 315 mothers who were exclusively breastfeeding at 1-month, 93% and 75% continued EBF to 3 and 6-months, respectively. By 6-months postpartum, weight loss (least square means ± standard error) was -8.55 ± 1.31 kg among EBF to 1-month, -10.60 ± 0.82 kg among EBF to 3-months and -11.73 ± 0.37 kg among EBF to 6-months (Figure). EBF to 6-months was associated with greater PPWL by 6-months postpartum than EBF to 1 or 3-months (p<0.05) after covariate adjustment. Conclusion: EBF to 6-months postpartum was associated with greater maternal PPWL than shorter EBF durations. Interventions may promote prolonged EBF as a means of increasing maternal weight loss by 6-months postpartum, but additional research is needed to explore whether these differences persist after weaning.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".