A194 THE PREVALENCE OF SMALL INTESTINAL BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH IN PRIMARY BILIARY CHOLANGITIS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease affecting mainly middle-aged women. An alteration of intestinal motility has been documented in cirrhosis due to alcohol or viruses, predisposing to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). SIBO is a condition in which colonic bacteria are seen in excess in the small intestine causing inflammation and malabsorption. No study has been published to determine the occurrence of SIBO in PBC that is distinguished from other cirrhosis by its autoimmune origin. Patients with PBC frequently complain of various gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating and diarrhea. We hypothesize that the prevalence of SIBO is high in PBC. This could be the cause of the numerous gastrointestinal symptoms reported by these patients. To determine the prevalence of SIBO in patients with PBC and to identify the characteristics associated with SIBO. Retrospective study at the CHUM Hospital (Montreal, Quebec, Canada) from 2010 to 2018. All patients diagnosed with PBC during the study period had a systematic screening for SIBO in their diagnostic workup. The diagnosis of SIBO was made by a carbohydrate breath test (lactulose and/or glucose at the physician’s discretion). Clinical and paraclinical factors were entered into a database and compared to a group of healthy subjects. That group of healthy subjects was a historical cohort of the gastrointestinal motor function laboratory that established the standards and validation of the breath tests. 102 patients were included in the study (mean age 51, range 20–82 years) including 62 patients with PBC and 40 healthy subjects. PBC patients were older than the healthy subjects (59, range 20–82 versus 39, range 21–62 years; p<0.05), but identical for gender and body mass index (BMI). The prevalence of SIBO was higher in PBC versus healthy subjects (29% versus 2.5%; p<0.001). Among patients with PBC, the clinical and paraclinical factors were similar in those with or without SIBO: age, gender, BMI, comorbidities, severity of cirrhosis. PBC patients with SIBO had significantly more abdominal pain (61.1% versus 31.8%; p<0.05) and diarrhea (83.3% versus 31.8%; p<0.001) than patients without SIBO, but the prevalence of bloating was similar (66.7% versus 68.2%; NS). The high occurrence of SIBO in PBC patients may explain the frequently reported gastrointestinal symptoms. None
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".