Shaping LED Beams with Radially Distributed Waveguide‐Encoded Lattices
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Slim, flexible polymer films imprinted with a radial distribution of cylindrical waveguides precisely control the shape and trajectory of light emitting diode (LED) beams. These radially distributed waveguide‐encoded lattices (RDWEL) are generated when a large, converging population comprising thousands of self‐trapped incandescent beams induces the corresponding array of waveguides in a photopolymerizable fluid. The waveguides are multimoded and impart a seamless field of view (FOV) of 70°, an enhancement of 320%, to the polymer film. A divergent LED beam incident on the plane‐faced RDWEL efficiently couples into its constituent waveguides and, depending on their orientation, is either focused or increases in divergence. In the RDWEL DIV configuration, where waveguides diverge along the propagation axis, the LED beam suffers a 45% increase in divergence. When the same film is flipped to the RDWEL CONV geometry, where waveguides converge along the propagation axis, the beam focuses to an effective focal length of ≈2 mm. These findings represent a new approach based on wave‐guided beam steering to precisely tailor LED beams. By changing parameters such as the FOV, lattice geometry, refractive index contrast, it would be possible to systematically tailor the shape and propagation of LED beams. This is not possible with existing technologies.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it