Attitude Stabilization Using Two Parallel Single-Gimbal Control Moment Gyroscopes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper investigates the underactuated attitude stabilization problem using two parallel single-gimbal control moment gyroscopes (SGCMGs). Different from most existing underactuated control techniques requiring the zero total angular momentum assumption, only the controllability of the whole control moment gyroscope (CMG)–spacecraft system, which means the total angular momentum of the spacecraft with CMG array within the momentum envelope of the CMG array, is required in this paper. To achieve the underactuated attitude stabilization, a new controller consisting of two parts, that is, a higher level sliding mode control part to stabilize the angular velocity about the underactuated axis in finite time and a tracking control part to track desired angular velocities that are used to stabilize the remaining states, is developed. This proposed novel control logic achieves attitude stabilization when the initial total angular momentum of the CMG-spacecraft is not zero. Simulations show that the attitude of a microsatellite can be stabilized precisely within acceptable time using the proposed control law and steering law when the controllability constraint is satisfied. When the initial total momentum of the spacecraft base and the CMG array exceeds the momentum envelope of the CMG array, simulation results demonstrate that the attitude is controlled to be a periodic oscillation in the vicinity of the equilibrium, at the same angular momentum level determined by the initial condition.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".