Education at the Big House: Educational History in Kingston Penitentiary, 1950-1960
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper explores the educational programs available to incarcerated men in Kingston Penitentiary between 1950 and 1960. The paper argues that the learning opportunities available to incarcerated men were influenced heavily by gendered expectations that understood men as workers and family breadwinners. The 1950s saw major reform throughout the Penitentiary Service of Canada as the new Commissioner of Penitentiaries, R.B. Gibson, responded to a series of recommendations made by the 1938 Royal Commission to Investigate the Penal System of Canada. In regard to prison education, the commission had called for a “complete reorganization of the educational system,” and Gibson set out to enact appropriate reforms to improve the quality, variety, and availability of education in prisons. Kingston Penitentiary offers a case study into men’s prison education as Canada’s oldest and most well-known prison. In addition to its notoriety, Kingston Penitentiary published its own magazine which will inform this paper. The prisoner publication The K.P Telescope , offers prisoners’ opinions and experiences of daily life including the educational programs available to them. The K.P Telescope in conversation with Penitentiary Service records will provide insights into men’s prison (re)education.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.013 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".