Characterization and expression analysis of <i>GPAT</i> gene family in maize
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) catalyzes the initial step of glycerolipids biosynthesis and contributes to oil production, membrane stabilization, and stress responses in plants. In major field crops, little information on the GPAT gene family and their potential stress-related functions were available. In this study, 15 GPAT gene family members were identified from the maize genome and designated as ZmGPAT1–ZmGPAT14 and ZMS1. The ZmGPAT proteins contained 371–557 amino acids and had a molecular weight between 42.7 and 61.2 kDa. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that ZmGPATs fell into four clusters. All 15 ZmGPAT proteins possessed conserved PlsC/LPLAT (phosphate acyltransferases/lysophospholipid acyltransferases) domains and featured multiple acyltransferase motifs. The expression profiles of ZmGPAT genes were different in various tissues of maize and the elevated expression of several ZmGPAT genes occurred at early seed developmental stages. In response to environmental stresses, differential expression of ZmGPATs had been observed, highlighted by the significant induction of transcripts accumulation of some ZmGPATs under cold treatment. This study will help to better understand the potential roles of GPAT in oil production and development and abiotic stress responses in field crops.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".