Bibliographic record
Abstract
Google, eBay, GoDaddy and PayPal -intermediaries that now control huge swaths of the internet's search, marketplace, advertising, domain name, and payment activities -have become some of the leading threats to prospects for social justice.There have been significant victories in recent battles over the regulation of the internet, such as the 2012 "internet blackout" that stopped proposed American legislation that would have left web sites carrying intellectual property-infringing content vulnerable to total shutdown.Such victories are pyrrhic, as Natasha Tusikov's (2016) important book shows; effectively the same measures to shut down web services have been put in place anyway, without legislative oversight, through informal agreements between intellectual property owners, government officials, and internet intermediaries.Tusikov reveals that eight such agreements now regulate the internet, having been established privately through back room deals.Tusikov ( 2016) reveals in Chokepoints: Global Private Regulation on the Internet, that efforts to shut down Wikileaks by cutting off payment and domain services to the site launched a new phase in internet regulation; legislation would no longer be the primary tool of enforcement.Rather, a new wave of back room deals saw intermediaries agree to act as enforcers for corporate intellectual property owners.Through 90 interviews with government officials, corporate actors, and civil society groups in the US, UK, Australia, and Canada, Tusikov traces the establishment of the secret
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".