Social anxiety symptoms among youth with chronic health conditions: trajectories and related factors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: This study explored three-year trajectories of social anxiety symptoms among youth with chronic health conditions and investigated factors influencing those trajectories.Methods: Participants (N = 439) were recruited from eight pediatric rehabilitation centers. The Social Anxiety Scale for Children-Revised measured social anxiety across four time points. Latent Class Growth Analysis was used to study trajectories and logistic regression to identify related factors.Results: A three-class solution was supported: a “high anxiety and stable” group (17.1%), a “moderate anxiety and stable” group (44.4%), and a “low anxiety and stable” group (38.5%). Youth in the “moderate and stable” group were less likely to be male compared to the “low and stable” group. Youth in the “high and stable” group were more likely to have greater cognitive symptoms and less likely to have higher levels of social participation compared to the “low and stable” group. Youth in both the “high and stable” and “moderate and stable” groups were less likely to have high support from classmates or close friends compared to the “low and stable” group. Moreover, both the “high and stable” and “moderate and stable” groups were less likely to have positive family functioning.Conclusion: Youth with chronic conditions belonging to “high and stable” and “moderate and stable” social anxiety trajectories can be distinguished from those in a “low and stable” trajectory using personal, functional, and environmental level variables.Implications for RehabilitationYouth with chronic health conditions are at risk of developing and maintaining moderate to high levels of social anxiety symptoms as they move through adolescence.Compared to youth with “low and stable” social anxiety, those with “moderate and stable” social anxiety are less likely to be male, have high peer support or high family functioning.Compared to youth with “low and stable” social anxiety, those with “high and stable” social anxiety are more likely to have greater cognitive symptoms, and less likely to have high social participation, high peer support, or high family functioning.Rehabilitation and other professionals should not only consider factors that are functional in nature; they should also consider personal and environmental level factors when supporting youth with chronic health conditions who experience social anxiety symptoms.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".