Peptide-Mediated Electrochemical Steric Hindrance Assay for One-Step Detection of HIV Antibodies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Diagnosis of infectious disease in patients, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, can be achieved through the detection of specific antibodies produced by the immune system. We have previously shown that macromolecules such as antibodies can be efficiently detected in complex biological samples by sterically inhibiting the hybridization of conjugated complementary DNA strands to electrode-bound DNA strands. Here, we report a peptide-mediated electrochemical steric hindrance hybridization assay, PeSHHA, specially for the detection of antibodies against the gp41 protein of HIV-1. We show that the sensitivity of this PeSHHA can be significantly enhanced using nanostructured electrodes and demonstrate the rapid, one-step detection of HIV-1 antibodies directly in clinical samples.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".