Diversity, Utilization and Proximate Composition of Indigenous Leafy Vegetables Consumed in Malaysia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The availability of indigenous leafy vegetables abundantly available in rural communities’ surroundings plays important role in its sustainability. A study was conducted at three native markets in Bintulu Division of Malaysia: Bintulu (N 3º10’29.5″ E 113º02’27.8″)Tatau (N 2º52’34.4″ E 112º51’09.6″) and Sebauh(N 3º06’38.6″ E 112º16’05.7″) to determine the plant species frequently used as leafy vegetables by the locals. The structured questionnaire was distributed to identify the species consumed and gather the information on species used for food consumption, vernacular name and utilization methods. Twenty species from 18 different families were identified with Euphorbiaceae dominated by three species. The locals used the indigenous leafy vegetables (ILV) in the preparation of fried vegetables, eaten raw, fermented and seasoning. The proximate composition conducted on 13 species of ILV revealed that these vegetables contains significantly high moisture (63.83 – 88.08%), fiber (9.20 – 27.39%) and carbohydrate (33.33 – 61.32%) contents whereas the fat (0.09 – 1.09%), proteins (0.25 – 1.65%) and energy (128.89 – 277.53 Kcal/100g) are low. The consumption of the ILV are recommended due to its potential to supply adequate intake of essential nutrients. Further study on the nutritional values of the ILV should be conducted to reveal many information on its nutritional values.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".