Decadal Variations in the Winter Beaufort High and the Stratospheric Polar Vortex
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We show that a weakened Beaufort High in late winter is becoming more common since the late 1980s, and this weakening is related to decadal changes in Northern Hemisphere ozone depletion. During this time, the stratospheric polar vortex has experienced a decadal northeastward displacement. Such displacement is associated with the variability of the East Asia‐eastern North America dipole. A positive Asia‐eastern North America dipole leads to zonal asymmetry in the ozone depletion with maximum loss over eastern Eurasia. Positive feedback with the zonally asymmetric ozone loss contributes to increased occurrence of the northeastward displacement of the stratospheric polar vortex. The northeastward displaced polar vortex enhances baroclinicity over the Eurasian Arctic and causes an increase in the frequency and intensity of cyclones and a decrease in anticyclones over the Eurasian Arctic. Concomitantly, the Beaufort High tends to have weakened.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".