J<scp>oy</scp> S<scp>chulz</scp>. <i>Hawaiian by Birth: Missionary Children, Bicultural Identity, and U.S. Colonialism in the Pacific</i>.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two centuries ago, the newly formed American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) dispatched seven men, “almost all college and seminary graduates,” along with their wives and children, on a half-year journey around South America to the middle of the Pacific Ocean; their purpose was to convert native Hawaiian Islanders to Christianity. Having “[given] away their earthly possessions in order to qualify for Christian missionary service,” there was no turning back, either for them or for another 140 or so missionaries following after them over the next three decades (17). Joy Schulz’s Hawaiian by Birth: Missionary Children, Bicultural Identity, and U.S. Colonialism in the Pacific focuses not on this purposeful first generation but rather on their children’s searches for belonging. In doing so, the author insightfully draws on their writings collected together by the Hawaiian Mission Children’s Society (HMCS), founded by offspring in Honolulu in 1853 so as “to carve an identity from the larger Hawaiian society” (136).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".