INVESTIGATIONS OF BIOINK RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES FOR DROP ON DEMAND PIEZOELECTRIC CELL PRINTING
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, the effects of increasing the viscosity of density matching bio-inks on the reliability of printing MCF-7 breast cancer cells using piezoelectric inkjet nozzles are investigated.The cell printing reliability was characterized by the frequency of occurrence of cell reflection in the nozzle: in cell reflection cells moved further away from the orifice after an ejection cycle.To decouple the effects of fluid density and viscosity on cell trajectory, three solutions were used: 1) phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) which has low viscosity and has lower density than cells; 2) low viscosity, density-matching sodium polytungstate (SPT) solution; and 3) high viscosity, density-matching Ficoll sucrose polymer solution.While cell reflection was observed for PBS and SPT solutions, it was not observed for high viscosity Ficoll solution.Propagation of pressure waves induces the transient motion of cells, and higher viscosity of solution causes increased viscous forces on the cells and prevents cell reflection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".