Bibliographic record
Abstract
Role of English in Indian literature is a curious cultural phenomenon, but English is not an Indian language.It is the language of England, Ireland, Australia, Canada, and the USA.India has several sophisticated literary languages.The languages have long -standing literary traditions.Many students of other Countries think that India has no literature other than that written in English.It is assumed English is the main literary language in India because it has been given the status of "official language" by the Indian Constitution.In reality, Indian English literature is the newest developed branch of Indian literature.For an Indian writing in English involves a conflict between the mother tongue and English, this other tongue which has been our intimate enemy during the last two centuries.English was introduced as a medium of instruction into the Indian education system in 1835 by Lord Macaulay.The British rules of of India saw it as an intellectual tool to be used to civilize the natives.When English literature was included in school and University Courses, India already had a long and rich tradition of literature at the juncture of this encounter was being written in more than a dozen living languages, but since in English literature was produced in the country of the rulers, and was praised by them, it immediately acquired a high cultural status in India.Indian culture has been eclectic in the extreme.It has had a long tradition of receiving foreign influences.The English term culture is not sufficiently large to cover the semantic scope of the cultural situation in India.The term pervasive traits of a class or a section in a given society.Terms like Elite culture or Middleclass culture are efficient and adequate to describe the true cultural character groups.Speaking of multicultural context with reference to Indian literature is different in some important ways from speaking of it in the context of other post-colonial literatures in English.In India there has been such a complex inter relationship between various social, linguistic, racial and religious cultures, and these distinguishable sub cultures are so numerous, that it is virtually impossible to fit them in a common formula of sociological linguistic or ethnic cultural structure.We should not compare simple multicultural contexts and complex multicultural contexts.It is rather to compare complex and confusingly complicated contexts.Such complications are inevitable in a society that speaks nearly 80 languages, writes it"s literature in nearly 20 different languages, has a history of large-scale social Abstract: India has several sophisticated literary languages.The languages have long standing literary traditions.English is assumed as the main literary language as it has been given the status of "official language" by Indian Constitution.Multiculturalism in Indian literature is different from other post-colonial literatures in English.The main objective of this paper is to probe the role of Multiculturalism in Indian English Literature.An Indian is inevitably bicultural and lives within a bilingual and multilingual cultural idiom.He is born with a skill to switch his cultural-code according to the needs of his social situation.He even lives within an organic and native social context.The traditional terms used in Indian languages that institutionalised these diverse pulls were "Marga" and "Desi".In India it is not possible to have a truly autonomous Indian English style.Metophorically speaking the body of modern Indian culture is draped in ancient shoes, a medieval gown and a modern hat.Multiculturalism should bring a new strength to a literature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.014 | 0.016 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".