Fluorescence-based techniques to assess the miscibility and physical stability of a drug–lipid complex
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using fluorescence-based techniques to assess the miscibility and physical stability of a drug–lipid complex pharmaceutical dosage form under a solvent-free condition. An indomethacin–phospholipid complex (IDM–DPC) was used as model complex for this study. The miscibility of indomethacin within the phospholipid was assessed by fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. The miscibility limit of the complex system was determined by fluorescence to be 20%–30% drug loading content, showing good correlation with infrared spectroscopy. The physical stability of the IDM–DPC stored at 40 °C was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy. Indomethacin formulated in the lipid complex with an indomethacin loading not more than 30% remained in an amorphous state within a period of 21 days, whereas the samples with a drug loading over 30% started to crystallize earlier with increasing drug content. IDM–DPC having higher miscibilities were found to be more resistant to recrystallization under heating, thus having better physical stability. Fluorescence-based techniques showed convenience and promise in characterizing drug–lipid miscibility and predicting storage stability under a solvent-free condition.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".