Polish Surgeons in Bologna in the First Quarter of the Sixteenth Century
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nel primo quarto del XVI secolo, due chirurghi polacchi esercitarono la professione a Bologna. Uno di loro, Maciej Sieprawski of Bochnia, fu professore presso lo Studio, mentre l'altro, Walenty of Starogard, fu studente di medicina ma si concentr. soprattutto sulla pratica medica eseguendo varie operazioni. Sieprawski fu probabilmente un medico molto dotato, dal momento che fu chiamato dall'arcivescovo della diocesi ungherese di Kalocsa per curarlo. Walenty annot. lungo i margini di un calendario astronomico le operazioni a cui prese parte e in questo modo . possibile ricostruire che tipo di operazioni esegu. e su chi. Maciej Sieprawski fu l'unico polacco che, dopo aver conseguito il dottorato in medicina, rimase a Bologna. Walenty of Starogard invece probabilmente non ottenne il dottorato a Bologna e al suo ritorno in Polonia si stabil. a PoznanÅL, dove divenne un cittadino rispettabile
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".