La responsabilidad extracontractual por daños causados por aeronaves a terceros en la superficie en el derecho colombiano
Bibliographic record
Abstract
espanolEn el Derecho colombiano, la responsabilidad por danos causados por aeronaves a terceros en la superficie fue regulada por el legislador en el Codigo de Comercio, con base en los Convenios de Roma de 1933 y 1952. Debido a los acontecimientos terroristas del 11 de septiembre de 2001 estos convenios perdieron vigencia, y fueron sustituidos por el Convenio de Montreal de 2009. En este articulo, se analizan las normas del Codigo de Comercio en lo que se refiere al regimen de responsabilidad civil aplicable, los hechos generadores de danos, los danos indemnizables, las causales de exoneracion de responsabilidad, los montos de indemnizacion y la accion de repeticion. EnglishIn Colombian law, liability far damages caused by aircrafts to third parties on the surface is regulated by the Commercial Code under the Rome Conventions of 1933 and 1952. Dueto the September 11 attacks, those Conventions lost their validity and were replaced by the Montreal Convention of 2009. This article examines the Commercial Code's provisions with regard to the applicable liability regimes, events giving rise to damages, compensable damages, limits of liability, exoneration and recours.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.017 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".