Effects of pre- and post-harvest treatments with hexanal formulations on time to ripening and shelf life of papaya (Carica papaya L.) fruits
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Papaya (Caria papaya L.) cv. Red lady is used as ripened fresh fruit as well as in the unripe state in many processed products. Therefore, for uses other than fresh fruit consumption, maintenance of fruit in the unripe state is extremely important for viable commercial applications. The application of 2% enhanced freshness formulation (EFF) with hexanal as the main active ingredient, has been shown to delay the onset of ripening in several subtropical fruits. This investigation was done to determine its effect on ripening and senescence in papaya fruits. Trials were conducted using 2% EFF applied as a pre-harvest spray and as a post-harvest dip alone or in combination with the pre-harvest spray. Pre-harvest treatments were applied at two week intervals beginning 30-days before expected harvest maturity. For post-harvest treatments, fruits were completely immersed in the dip solution for ten minutes and allowed to air dry at room temperature before storage. Fruits on trees sprayed pre-harvest with 2% EFF developed first colour stripe approximately 75 days after second spraying while fruits on trees sprayed with the control solution developed first colour stripe 15 days after application of the second spray. This was as expected since the pre-harvest applications were timed to be begin within 30 days of expected harvest. Thus, pre-harvest treatment with 2% EFF resulted in a 60 day delay in the onset of ripening in fruits on treated trees. Fruits were harvested on development of the first colour stripe, indicative of the onset of ripening. Following the delayed onset of ripening, fruits harvested from trees sprayed pre-harvest with 2% EFF ripened to full colour change in 15-18 days during storage at 20-22oC / 90-95% RH. Fruits harvested from trees sprayed with the control solution ripened to full colour change in 8-10 days when stored under the same conditions. At full colour change, fruits from trees treated pre-harvest with 2% EFF had a lower incidence of post-harvest diseases than fruits from control trees. The application of 2% EFF as a pre-harvest treatment and as a postharvest dip can be used to increase the time to onset of ripening of papaya fruit in the field, delay the development of full colour change in fruits after harvest, maintain postharvest quality of fruits during storage at 20-22oC / 90-95% RH and reduce the incidence of post-harvest diseases.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".