0131 Planes, Trains And Automobiles: Traffic Noise And Its Impact On Sleep Depth Measured By Odds Ratio Product
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Traffic noise events can lead to cortical and autonomic activation, disrupt sleep and impair physical and mental restoration. The odds ratio product (ORP) is a validated continuous measure of sleep depth and quality, based on automatic analysis of EEG data in 3s epochs. More so than traditional manual scoring of sleep in 30s epochs or the binary scoring of arousals, ORP allows tracking temporal changes of sleep in response to external stimuli. Here we examine event-related changes in ORP in response to nocturnal noise events. Seventy two healthy participants (mean age 40 years, range 18-71; 40 women) slept for 11 nights in the laboratory, during which sleep was measured with polysomnography. In 8 nights they were exposed to 40, 80 or 120 road, rail and/or aircraft noise events at maximum sound pressure levels between 45-65 dBA. Event-related maximum change of ORP in a 90s window relative to pre-event baseline was analyzed with linear mixed models. Average whole night ORP increased with age (β=0.008; p<0.001), indicating decreasing sleep depth, but was not significantly affected by the average nighttime noise level or number of noise events. For events where participants were asleep at noise onset (n=29,663), ORP increased monotonically with sound pressure level (F(4,27964)=88.4; p<0.001) for all traffic modes. There was a main effect of traffic mode (F(2,25809)=58.6; p<0.001) on ORP, with a higher response to road (p<0.001) and rail (p<0.001) noise than to aircraft. The magnitude of ORP increase depended on sleep stage at noise onset, decreasing in the order of S2, SWS, REM (F(3,20955)=133.9; p<0.001), but recovery time to pre-event baseline ORP was in the reverse order. ORP change decreased as a function of age (β=-0.002; p=0.004). There were no significant effects of noise duration, sex or sleep spindle density on event-related ORP change. Traffic noise led to increased ORP in an exposure-dependent manner, reflecting decreased sleep depth and quality. The clinical relevance of event-related elevations of ORP is currently unknown, and warrants further investigation. None
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".