O11.7. INVESTIGATING THE STRUCTURAL CORRELATES OF APATHY WITHIN THE PSYCHOSIS CONTINUUM
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Apathy is one of the most severe and debilitating symptoms in schizophrenia. Evidence suggests that motivational deficits are associated with striatal and orbitofrontal structural abnormalities. However, it is unclear whether this holds across subclinical and early stages of the psychosis spectrum. Here, we investigated whether motivational deficit in healthy individuals with schizotypal personality traits (SPT) and patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) are associated with reduced striatal volume and reduced thickness of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). We analyzed T1-weighted brain images from 27 healthy individuals with high schizotypal personality traits, 26 patients with FEP and 28 controls using Freesurfer (http://surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu/). We evaluated volumes of the nucleus accumbens, putamen, caudate and cortical thickness of the OFC, as well as apathy and diminished expressivity from the Brief Negative Symptom Scale. In individuals with SPT apathy was negatively associated with lower volume of right nucleus accumbens (r=-.548, p=.007), and right and left putamen (right: r=-.58, p=.003: left: r=-.63, p=.001) accounting for age, gender and intracranial volume. In patients with FEP, apathy was negatively associated with reduced OFC thickness (r=-.644, p=0.001) accounting for age, gender and global cortical thickness. None of the structural abnormalities were associated with diminished expressivity. On a group level, we found a significant effect of group in the right OFC (F(2,76)=5.1, p=.009) and left OFC (F(2,76)=5.8, p=.005) with reduced OFC thickness in patients with FEP compared to individuals with SPT (right: p=.005, left: p=.011) and controls (right: p=.035, left: p=.04). Our findings suggest that structural correlates of apathy can already be observed in non-clinical unmedicated populations and early stages of psychosis. These distinct structural correlates of apathy may help to identify symptom specific subgroups within the psychosis continuum and foster progress to develop individualized treatments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.032 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".