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Record W2938349158 · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbz019.309

T29. TREATMENT AND GLOBAL FUNCTIONING IN YOUTH AT CLINICAL HIGH RISK FOR PSYCHOSIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

2019· review· en· W2938349158 on OpenAlexaff
Dan Devoe, Jean Addington

Bibliographic record

VenueSchizophrenia Bulletin · 2019
Typereview
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Canadian institutionsHotchkiss Brain InstituteUniversity of Calgary
Fundersnot available
KeywordsGlobal Assessment of FunctioningNeurocognitiveMeta-analysisPsychosocialPsycINFORandomized controlled trialPsychosisClinical psychologyMEDLINEPsychologyCINAHLPsychological interventionPsychiatryMedicineSchizophrenia (object-oriented programming)CognitionInternal medicine

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Poor global functioning in youth at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis has been associated with sleep disturbances, neurocognitive impairments, and transition to psychosis. A recent meta-analysis demonstrated that the CHR state is characterized by large functional impairments similar to those with psychotic disorders and thus require treatment. However, the impact of different treatment types on global functioning remains unknown. Thus, the goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the impact of interventions on global functioning in those at CHR for psychosis. We systematically searched the electronic databases PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, EBM, and MEDLINE with no date, geographical, or language restrictions. Studies were selected if they conducted a randomized control trial (RCT) in CHR for psychosis samples and reported changes in global functioning using either the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) or Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS). Data were evaluated using random effects pairwise meta‐analyses, separated by treatment type, and stratified by time. Effect sizes were reported as the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% CIs for the comparison between control and experimental conditions. Heterogeneity was assessed using Tau2 and the I2 index. Fourteen studies met our inclusion criteria. Interventions included antipsychotics (k=2), cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT, k=6), cognitive remediation (k=1), family therapy (k=1), integrative psychosocial therapy (k=1), and omega‐3 (k=3). Meta-analyses could only be performed for CBT and omega‐3 trials. CBT did not significantly improve global functioning at 6-months (SMD = -0.08; 95% CI = −0.35, 0.19, I2= 48%;P=.58, 5 studies, N= 506), 12-months (SMD = 0.07; 95% CI = −0.10, 0.25, I2= 0%;P=.43, 6 studies, N= 501), 18-months (SMD = 0.09; 95% CI = −0.21, 0.39, I2= 0%;P=.56, 2 studies, N= 168), and long-term (24–48 months) follow-up (SMD = 0.01; 95% CI = −0.28, 0.29, I2= 0%;P=.96, 3 studies, N= 190). Omega‐3 did not significantly improve global functioning at 6-months (SMD = 0.35; 95% CI = −0.40, 1.09, I2= 91%; P=.36, 3 studies, N= 390) and 12-months (SMD = 0.52; 95% CI = −0.53, 1.56, I2= 94%; P=.33, 3 studies, N= 330). This systematic review and meta‐analysis established that neither CBT nor omega-3 significantly impacted global functioning versus controls in those at CHR for psychosis. The majority of trials utilized the GAF which is greatly influenced by impairment in psychiatric symptoms. Additionally, RCTs using the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS) criteria for CHR included functioning on the SOFAS as a diagnostic criterion. Future treatment studies may wish to use scales that specifically address social and role functioning to further elucidate the impact of treatment on functioning.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Meta-analysis · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.731
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0130.004
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.156
GPT teacher head0.409
Teacher spread0.253 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designMeta-analysis
Domainnot available
GenreReview

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations3
Published2019
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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