Balance control in individuals with post-concussion syndrome during a go/no-go lower limb reaching task
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Post-Concussion Syndrome (PCS) is the persistence of concussion symptoms (i.e., somatic, psychological and cognitive) beyond the normal 7-14 days of recovery. Balance control impairments have been revealed in recently concussed symptomatic and asymptomatic athletes. However, it is unknown whether individuals with PCS also express balance control impairments. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of PCS on balance control during a single-support lower-limb reaching task. Ten individuals with PCS and 10 age-, gender- and activity-matched non-concussed individuals (CONT) participated in the study. Participants stood in single support for approximately 40s in front of three FitLights positioned at 0? or 30? on either side of the midline. The reaching task required participants to reach their free limb out to deactivate any Green light (Go) and inhibit movement when any Red light (No-Go) illuminated. Participants performed 10 trials (5 times for each limb), each trial consisted of each light illuminating 10 times in random order and colour. PCS displayed increased medial-lateral (M/L) COP displacement (M=0.94 0.21cm) than CONT (M=0.77 0.07cm), t(17)=-2.44, p=.03, d=1.09). As well, PCS demonstrated increased trunk pitch RMS (M=2.71 0.73?) compared to CONT (M=1.98 0.51?), t(17)=-2.56, p=0.02, d=1.16). These results suggest that individuals with PCS have poor balance control orthogonal to the direction of movement suggesting deficits in the somatosensory system, which resulted in compensatory adjustments at the trunk to complete the forward reaching task. Overall, the findings suggest that individuals with PCS demonstrate persistent balance impairments in challenging situations.Acknowledgments: NSERC
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".