Gender factor in the expression of politeness in Farsi
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper focuses on the role of gender in the expression of politeness in the Iranian language, Farsi (Persian). Expressions of linguistic politeness are believed to be cultural universals. Farsi is known for the complexities of its politeness system, called ‘ta’aroff’, which reflects social hierarchies. This study employs a questionnaire interview and dialogical text analysis (ta’aroff expressions count) to explore whether the production and perception of ta’aroff differs across genders. The questionnaire contained demographic information and statements related to attitudes to ta’aroff. The participants were also requested to create dialogues based on a presented shopping prompt scenario. Iranian women (30) and men (30) of two age groups (20–29 and 40–59 years old) participated in the study. The results show statistically significant differences in the attitudes to ta’aroff in that men’s attitudes to ta’aroff are generally more positive than women’s. In the shopping prompt dialogues, women produced fewer ta’aroff expressions than men. There were also some differences found in the use of specific ta’aroff expressions across genders. The results suggest that gender should be considered a factor influencing both ta’aroff use in speech production and the attitudes to ta’aroff.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it