New method to calculate apparent phase velocity of open-ended pipe pile
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The apparent phase velocity of open-ended pipe piles after installation is difficult to predict owing to the soil-plug effect. This paper derives an analytical solution to calculate the apparent phase velocity of a pipe pile segment with soil-plug filling inside (APVPSP) based on the additional mass model. The rationality and accuracy of the developed solution are confirmed through comparison with the solution derived using the soil-plug Winkler model and experimental results. A parameter combination of the additional mass model that can be applied to concrete pipe piles used most commonly is recommended. The attenuation mechanism of the soil plug on the APVPSP is clarified. The findings from this study demonstrate that the APVPSP decreases with the mass per unit length of the pile, but has nothing to do with the material longitudinal wave velocity of the pipe pile. The APVPSP decreases significantly as the impulse width increases; however, for pipe piles without soil-plug filling inside, the impulse width has negligible influence on the apparent phase velocity.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it