Leads and Associated Sea Ice Drift in the Beaufort Sea in Winter
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Beaufort Sea ice motion is episodic in winter, on average following the anticyclonic motion of the Beaufort Gyre. Weather systems cause the ice pack to fracture in characteristic patterns that depend on the location and trajectory of the weather system in relation to the coast. The majority of leads associated with anticyclonic motion in the Beaufort Sea are coastal leads that form perpendicular from promontories along the coast and landfast ice edge. Between 40% and 90% (depending on location along the Beaufort coast) winter sea ice motion is associated with leads, including coastal leads, coastal flaw leads, and interior lead patterns. In winter much of the Beaufort Gyre ice drift results from ice‐coast interaction, with high ice drift localized on the leeward side of fractures that propagate from the coast. In the vicinity of Point Barrow, which has the largest occurrence of coastal leads, ice drift rates are enhanced due to this ice‐coast interaction. No trends in occurrence of these leads are found over the 20 winters from December 1993 to May 2013. Seasonality in the occurrence of the leads follows seasonality in the location of the Beaufort High. In order for ice to be transported from the northeast part of the Beaufort Gyre to the southwest in a single winter, anticyclones would need to break their geospatial climatic norm, needing a higher prevalence of anticyclones in the eastern Beaufort early in the season and higher prevalence in the west Canada Basin later in the season.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".