Everyday associations between older adults’ physical activity, negative affect, and cortisol.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Experimental research has demonstrated that individuals with higher physical activity levels show reduced cortisol responses to psychosocial stress. The present study takes this research out of the lab and it extends these findings by investigating whether older adults' physical activity also moderates everyday-life within-person associations between momentary negative affect and concurrent salivary cortisol. METHODS: A sample of 162 older adults aged 60 to 87 years (M age = 71 years; 50% women; 57% Caucasian) completed affect assessments and provided concurrent salivary cortisol samples 4 times per day over 7 consecutive days. Hip-worn accelerometers objectively recorded step counts during this period. Data were analyzed using multilevel models, controlling for diurnal cortisol changes and relevant individual difference variables (e.g., age, gender, body mass index, person-average negative affect). RESULTS: Increased momentary negative affect was associated with higher concurrent cortisol levels. Average daily steps moderated these negative affect-cortisol associations in such a way that participants who exhibited higher average daily steps showed a less pronounced increase in momentary cortisol in moments when they reported higher momentary negative affect. CONCLUSIONS: Individual differences in older adults' average daily steps may buffer cortisol secretion in moments of heightened negative affect. Findings underpin that physical activity modulates associations of negative affect with neuroendocrine activity in everyday life. Consequently, physical activity promotion may mitigate negative health ramifications associated with cortisol dysregulation in old age. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".