Can sensory training improve the primary motor impairments of Parkinson's disease?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PD SAFEx is a sensory training rehabilitation therapy which has been proven to significantly improve the PD-specific motor symptoms in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD), using the gold standard assessment tool known as the Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale (UPDRS-III). However, overall UPDRS scores don't give a true depiction an individual's degree of disability, or improvements of specific motor symptoms. For example, people with identical overall UPDRS-III may vary widely and hence present with a very different symptom phenotype. Therefore, to truly assess the specific motor benefits of an exercise program, sub-sections of UPDRS-III were retrospectively analyzed (speech, facial expression, total resting tremor, total action tremor, total rigidity, total bradykinesia, total hand grip, leg agility, arise from chair and balance (posture+gait+postural instability), in those who have participated in SAFEx. UPDRS-III scores for anyone who has ever participated in a SAFEx (12-week) program was identified in the MDRC database (n=299) and the sub-sections were summed. Data was analysed in SPSS using paired t-test and the Wilcoxon matched pairs singed-rank test to compare symptom improvement. Overall, results revealed that UPDRS scores decreased significantly from pre-test (correlation 0.728) to post-test (correlation 0.726) (p=0.0001). The subsets of scores further indicated significant improvements to speech (p=0.0001), total resting tremor (p=0.0001), total action tremor (p=0.0001), total neck and body rigidity (p=0.0001), bradykinesia (p=0.004), total hand grip (p=0.001), total leg agility (p=0.001) and balance (p=0.001). These findings suggest that SAFEx is a very promising program that significantly improves the main PD-specific symptoms, especially resting tremor and bradykinesia.Acknowledgments: Movement Disorders Research and Rehabilitation Centre and Wilfrid Laurier University
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".