The fiscal politics of resource revenue: federalism, oil ownership and territorial conflict in Brazil and Canada
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper explores the fiscal politics of oil revenue in Brazil and Canada, two oil-rich federal countries that have different constitutional arrangements for revenue allocation and where constituent unit governments have different powers in the energy sector. More specifically, it offers a comparative analysis of the intergovernmental relations around oil revenue distribution in both countries over the last 30 years. The argument is that constitutional provisions on natural resources in federations (federal ownership or constituent unit ownership) produce distinct federal dynamics as it pertains to intergovernmental relations. Federal government ownership of natural resources produces conflicts between constituent units as they vie for their share of the proceeds. In contrast, provincial ownership eliminates the direct competition between constituent units for natural resource revenues. Nevertheless, intergovernmental tensions over natural resources can still appear as constituent units pressure the federal government to adopt horizontal fiscal equalization formulas friendly to their oil-producing, or non-oil-producing economies.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it