Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Sickle Cell Disease With Abnormal Placental Weight to Birthweight Ratios [27C]
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Low placental weight to birthweight (PW:BW) ratio is a marker of abnormal placental development, and is linked with perinatal morbidity and mortality. Sickle cell disease (SCD), the most common hemoglobinopathy worldwide, is associated with placentally-mediated complications; yet, PW:BW ratios in this context have not been studied. Our aim was to investigate PW:BW ratios in pregnancies of women with SCD, and its association with adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: Research ethics board approval was obtained, and records of women with SCD were retrospectively reviewed between January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2017 at our institution. For twin pregnancies, neonatal data for a randomly chosen single twin was included. Significance was set at P<.05. RESULTS: Seventy-one pregnancies in 66 women, including 3 twin pregnancies, were analyzed. Low PW:BW ratio (<10th centile) is associated with male fetal sex [22/40 with low ratio (55%) vs 7/31 with normal ratio (23%), P=.006] and preterm birth [20/40 with low ratio (50%) vs 7/31 with normal ratio (23%), P=.018]. There was no association of low PW:BW with small-for-gestational-age infants [8/40 with low ratio (20%) vs 10/31 with normal ratio (32%), P=.239], stillbirth [3/40 with low ratio (8%) vs 1/31 with normal ratio (3%), P=.627], or maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [5/40 with low ratio (13%) vs 7/31 with normal ratio (23%), P=.261]. CONCLUSION: Low PW:BW ratio is more prevalent in male fetuses, and associated with preterm birth. The lack of association with other adverse pregnancy outcomes may be based on histologic placental adaptation. Further investigation is necessary to elucidate contributing factors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".